Microbial fuel cells (MFC): Sebuah teknologi untuk biokonversi energi kimia pada limbah organik menjadi biolistrik

Yohanna Anisa Indriyani; Rustam Efendi

doi:10.54297/sjme.v4i1.1123

Yohanna Anisa Indriyani Alumni Program Studi Ilmu Tanah, Fakultas Pertanian, IPB University, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4478-9141
Rustam Efendi Program Studi Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Sulawesi Tenggara https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3990-8783

DOI: https://doi.org/10.54297/sjme.v4i1.1123

Keywords: aktivitas katalitik, elektron, mikrob electrogen, teknologi hijau, teknologi ramah lingkungan

Abstract

Microbial fuel cells (MFC) adalah alat bioelektrokimia yang dapat mengubah energi kimia menjadi energi listrik melalui aktivitas katalitik mikrob electrogen. Indonesia merupakan negara dengan populasi penduduk terpadat ke-4 di dunia, yang menghadapi tantangan akan kebutuhan energi terbarukan dan pengolahan limbah. Tulisan ini akan fokus pada topik pengolahan limbah di mana MFC menjadi salah satu teknologi alternatif untuk biokonversi limbah organik menjadi energi (biolistrik), serta tantangan-tantangan dalam pengembangannya. Beragamnya limbah organik yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai substrat serta besarnya potensi mikrob indigenous dari negeri mega-biodiversitas ini untuk diekslporasi sebagai biokatalisator MFC menunjukkan potensi besar pengembangan teknologi ini di Indonesia. Sejumlah limbah organik lokal telah diteliti dan menunjukkan potensi pengurangan COD (COD removal) mencapai 13.33-77.22% dan potensi listrik yang dihasilkan sekitar 7.74-700 mW m^-2. MFC menghadirkan teknologi yang berkelanjutan dan ramah lingkungan, serta menawarkan pemecahan masalah dalam menangani limbah dibandingkan teknologi pengolahan limbah secara fisik-kimia-biologis konvensional yang masih dihadapkan pada sejumlah tantangan, di antaranya boros energi dan biaya. Meski demikian, aplikasi skala besar teknologi MFC masih menghadapi kendala teknis dan ekonomis.

Author Biographies

Yohanna Anisa Indriyani, Alumni Program Studi Ilmu Tanah, Fakultas Pertanian, IPB University, Indonesia

Alumni Program Studi Ilmu Tanah, Fakultas Pertanian, IPB University, Indonesia

Rustam Efendi, Program Studi Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Sulawesi Tenggara

Program Studi Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Sulawesi Tenggara

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